Unit+III

Unit III

Chapter Questions:

Chapter Openers (2Col.Notes):

Vocab:

WHDs:

=Slavery Data:= Slavery had increased as a result of the demand of American crops, specifically cotton. Most southern states (not the upper South, the Deep South) had about at least over 100,000 - most common amount was 400,000 to 500,000. Plantations were usually large ones, with over 1000 acres of land, smaller/medium ones were about 700 to 900 acres of land, the # of slaves depended on the size of the plantation. Production relied on two systems: Gang/Task, where the amount of production varied on what systems were chosen, but was, overall the production was mainly cotton with other crops such as tobacco, indigo, rice, etc. Cotton by 1860 had produced over 5 million bales a year. Analysis: Pictures:

Southern Society: media type="custom" key="7484919"

=CHP 12: Antebellum Culture and Reform:= Antebellum means "before war", in the American Civil War, it is about 1820s to 1860 (period of title name) =Temperence Movement:= Alcohol Consumption Pros: Cons: Opinion: I think personally alcoholic beverages should be banned from America (but people would still smuggle), but I am somewhat fine with the system of alcohol drinking today. People uses alcohol for the above pros, but there is much more of cons than positives, it can kill you, the only time I ever think alcoholic beverages are used properly is in cooking, where the alcohol dissapears. Today, I think the current alcohol "situation" is somewhat fine, but there should be stricter enforcements (because some minors had been ableof alchol being used in parties and in bars, people lose their lives sometimes for this "toxin" (or drug), and it isn't right. History: 1919-18th amendment (basically prohibition of alcohol) of Constitution outlawed everything about alcohol except drinking it (until there was no more alcohol left). Black markets formed for alcohol, smuggling-basically a whole lot of termoil, it backfired on them and eventually they with the 1933-21st amendment nullified the 18th amendment. Temperance=moderation of intake (don't drink alcohol instead of the banning of alcohol). Women basically led the demographic movement, especially married ones. Reason was that their husbands take the money for alcohol, use it to abuse their wives and children, and not getting up to work. The Drunkard's Progress: Analysis: The first step is the beginning of a drunkard's journey, a casual normal drink with someone they know and love. Next is just to drink a bit more so that they feel okay with themselves. The third, where they just drink a bit too much where trouble starts to reveal itself. The fourth is where they are no longer sober, they have started to feel...rebelious. The fifth step marks the beginning of the end for them, they could now no longer go back, only to keep drinking. The next step shows that they spend all their money on alcohol, making them poor, and that alcohol is starting to kill them. The next step is where they are unrecognized by their former friends, the drunkard has changed too much and now outcasted. THe next step is where their impartial judgement starts to get them in trouble with the authorities and resort to stealing to survive. Finally the last step, they've lost it all and now they kill themselves to make it all go away. Other Cartoon: In this short cartoon, it shows a pony having beer, trying to get others to drink with him, they are above the influence and refuses, and forces him away from themselves, eventually he gets into a fight in a bar, where he is fatally injured and eventually dies. C: A bit stupid to use this, did you ask for two cartoons?
 * Sydney Smith-1820-paintings were about the greatness of Europe
 * Helps relieve stress
 * Forget about everything else
 * Just to be drunk
 * To fit in with the rest of the crowd
 * Just for the drink itself
 * To celebrate something
 * Fights
 * Potential family break-ups
 * Alcohol Poisoning
 * Death
 * Health decrease
 * Addiction
 * Loss of judgement (make decisions that don't always end up the best for you)

Reform Era PowerPoint: media type="custom" key="7569263"

=CHP 13 Maps=

pg.340-Expanding Settlement, 1810-1850 pg.345-Western Trails in 1860 pg.347-The Oregon Boundary, 1846 pg.349-The Mexican War, 1846-1848 pg.354-Slave and Free Territories Under the Compromise of 1850
 * American settlement virtually was only on the eastern coast, but after 1810, settlement had expanded west.
 * After decades of the Louisiana Purchase, expansion after 1810 to the west had started (also known as the Mid-West) because of the intrests of new businesses and in the South expanded west too, for new plantation regions.
 * Westard expansion had continued to grow as more and more states applied and joined the Union.
 * Various groups of people travel even further rest and established new cities and forts.
 * Many groups of people who had traveled further west were looking for new jobs, businesses, a clean slate; basically self-interests. The Oregon trail appeared to be the most longest, the expiditions were however risky and the amount have declined a bit, ways of transportation to those areas had increased.
 * As the cities the first migrants established, they would become larger and larger and become states that would join America and increase the nation's power (also increasing population of non-whites in the West).
 * There was British claim on the Oregon territory, Americans and British have agreed on a boundary to split the territory.
 * James K. Pole had stopped the crisis of American and British disputes over who gets what in the Oregon territory, the 1846 treaty line had kept the fights from happening, there is still quite a bit of land that is still shared by Americans and the British, most fights have not occured due to the two not wanting war over this land.
 * Today, the line is still in affect and the Americans had got what they had want (where the line would go).
 * There were battles over the US/Mexico border in Mexico
 * USA enters a war with Mexico (Spain)
 * The Compromise of 1850 removed the Missouri Compromise line. In South Carolina, over 50% of slaves were in the total population; the Deep South's slave percentage was extremely high, some states exceeded 50% or were close to. Purple territories were open to decision over popular soveriegnty (was very problematic).

=Chapter 14= Advantages: North: South: Economic: North:
 * Population was larger, railroad mileage was larger, farms had also suprisingly were more numerous they had produced more wealth than the South had, and had more factories than the South.
 * Fighting on home turf.
 * Had better generals than the North.
 * Republican Party had made new acts to help fund the war, some were about selling acres of land to all citizens of the Union.
 * They had revived the National Bank, it helped fix the economic chaos or the uncertainty that they would face for the remainder of the war.
 * The government had tried, to finance the war by, sevying taxes, issuing paper currency and mainly borrowing.
 * The citizens had paid for bonds, instead of foreigners from other nations.

=States' Rights versus Centrilization=
 * Martial Law and the belief of haveas corpus was denied, a power of centrilization in the North. (SR)
 * The states had tried to horde food themselves rather than trying to support the Confederate force. (SR)
 * Basically resisted all efforts to exert national authority, even some essential to winning. (SR)
 * They had allowed a food draft allowing any Confederate soldiers to eat anything in farms on their way.(C)
 * Government had impressed soldiers, regulated industries, etc. (C)

=Economic and Social Effects of the War=
 * War was fought on Southern land, it declined their production of things in the war.
 * Both sides had run their governments as if there were two countries.
 * Lots of drafting has been made, causing a crisis.

=Perspectives of Reconstruction= Lincoln's view (also was the moderate/conservative Republicans' view): he had agreed (with the other view here) that the South should accept the abolition of slavery and propose some conditions for the readmission of the secceded states.

Radical Republicans' view: There should be Reconstruction, but the South should undergo changes and make it difficult for them to rejoin the Union.

=Opinion of the Civil War= To be honest, the Civil War was just a huge waste of time and lives. The reason of why this is because former African American slaves had no rights after the war, the white Southerners still had controlled them, they were still the most powerful members of society, for example, they had put the Jim Crow laws in effect that weakened black people's rights such as the right to vote. The Compromise of 1877 had been viewed as the official end to Reconstruction in the South, but that was just a large waste of time as well, the North had tried so hard to enforce civil right laws and provide citizenship to the blacks but then they just gave up. Reconstruction was strong, but short-lived, the white Southerners had found loopholes the second the compromise was made so Reconstruction was mostly pointless. Another reason for this is that a very large amount of lives had died during this war. Samir: Believed the Civil War was worth it as women's rights grew and slavery abolished.
 * Former African Americans still had to wait centuries for any large changes to them (view similar to mine)